Update CMakeLists.txt

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -10,11 +10,18 @@ find_package(SDL2_image REQUIRED)
 find_package(SDL2_ttf REQUIRED)
 
 add_executable(Obstacle
-        Main.cpp
-        Game.cpp
-        Game.h
-        Helper.cpp
-        Helper.h
+        src/main.cpp
+        src/Renderer.cpp
+        src/Renderer.h
+        src/states/GameState.h
+        src/states/InGameState.cpp
+        src/states/InGameState.h
+        src/states/MainMenuState.cpp
+        src/states/MainMenuState.h
+        src/entities/Player.cpp
+        src/entities/Player.h
+        src/entities/Opponent.cpp
+        src/entities/Opponent.h
 )
 
 target_link_libraries(Obstacle SDL2::SDL2 SDL2_image::SDL2_image SDL2_ttf::SDL2_ttf)

Main.cpp

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#include "Game.h"
-
-using namespace std;
-
-int main() {
-    Game game{};
-
-    game.run();
-}

src/Renderer.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-#include "Helper.h"
+#include "Renderer.h"
+
 void drawTexture(SDL_Renderer *renderer, SDL_Texture *texture, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
     SDL_Rect src;
     src.x = 0;

src/Renderer.h

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include <SDL2/SDL_ttf.h>
 #include <string>
 
+#define WINDOW_WIDTH 700
+#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 500
+
 void drawTexture(SDL_Renderer *renderer, SDL_Texture *texture, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 void drawText(SDL_Renderer *renderer, TTF_Font *font, const std::string text, int x, int y);
 

src/entities/Opponent.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "Opponent.h"
+
+void Opponent::move(int timeMultiplier) {
+    if (this->x < this->targetX) this->x += timeMultiplier;
+    if (this->x > this->targetX) this->x -= timeMultiplier;
+    if (this->y < this->targetY) this->y += timeMultiplier;
+    if (this->y > this->targetY) this->y -= timeMultiplier;
+}

src/entities/Opponent.h

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "Player.h"
+
+class Opponent : public Player {
+public:
+    int targetX = 0;
+    int targetY = 0;
+    void move(int multiplier);
+};

src/entities/Player.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#include "Player.h"
+
+void Player::moveX(int dx) {
+    if (x + dx < 0 || x + dx > WINDOW_WIDTH - 80) return;
+    if (y < 40 && this->x + dx < 30 * 3 + 15) return;
+    x += dx;
+}
+
+void Player::moveY(int dy) {
+    if (y + dy < 0 || y + dy > WINDOW_HEIGHT - 96) return;
+    if (y + dy < 40 && this->x < 30 * 3 + 15) return;
+    y += dy;
+}

src/entities/Player.h

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "../Renderer.h"
+
+class Player {
+public:
+    int x = 40;
+    int y = 40;
+    int unsigned health = 3;
+
+    void moveX(int dx);
+    void moveY(int dy);
+};

src/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#include "states/GameState.h"
+#include "states/MainMenuState.h"
+#include "states/InGameState.h"
+#include "Renderer.h"
+#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
+#include <memory>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+int main() {
+    TTF_Init();
+
+    SDL_Window* window = SDL_CreateWindow("Obstacle Game",
+                                          SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
+                                          WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
+    SDL_Renderer* renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
+
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<GameState>> states;
+    states["main_menu"] = std::make_shared<MainMenuState>();
+    states["game"] = std::make_shared<InGameState>();
+
+    std::shared_ptr<GameState> currentState = states["main_menu"];
+
+    bool running = true;
+    while (running) {
+        SDL_Event event;
+        while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
+            if (event.type == SDL_QUIT) {
+                running = false;
+            }
+            currentState->handleEvents(event);
+        }
+
+        currentState->update();
+        currentState->render(renderer);
+
+        if (!currentState->getNextState().empty()) {
+            std::string nextStateName = currentState->getNextState();
+            if (nextStateName == "exit") {
+                running = false;
+            } else if (states.find(nextStateName) != states.end()) {
+                currentState = states[nextStateName];
+                currentState->init();
+            }
+            currentState->clearNextState();
+        }
+
+        SDL_Delay(16);
+    }
+
+    SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
+    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
+    SDL_Quit();
+    TTF_Quit();
+
+    return 0;
+}

src/states/GameState.h

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef GAME_STATE_H
+#define GAME_STATE_H
+
+#include <string>
+#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
+
+class GameState {
+protected:
+    std::string nextStateName;
+
+public:
+    virtual ~GameState() = default;
+
+    virtual void init() = 0;
+    virtual void handleEvents(SDL_Event& event) = 0;
+    virtual void update() = 0;
+    virtual void render(SDL_Renderer* renderer) = 0;
+
+    void changeRoom(const std::string& stateName) {
+        nextStateName = stateName;
+    }
+
+    std::string getNextState() const {
+        return nextStateName;
+    }
+
+    void clearNextState() {
+        nextStateName.clear();
+    }
+};
+
+#endif

src/states/InGameState.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
-#include "Game.h"
-#include "Helper.h"
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <string>
-
-#define WINDOW_WIDTH 700
-#define WINDOW_HEIGHT 500
+#include "InGameState.h"
+#include <iostream>
 
 bool keys[4] = {false, false, false, false};
 
-void Game::spawnItem(Type type) {
+void InGameState::spawnItem(Type type) {
     Item item{};
     item.type = type;
     item.x = rand() % WINDOW_WIDTH;
@@ -17,26 +12,17 @@ void Game::spawnItem(Type type) {
     items.push_back(item);
 }
 
-void Opponent::move(int timeMultiplier) {
-    if (this->x < this->targetX) this->x += timeMultiplier;
-    if (this->x > this->targetX) this->x -= timeMultiplier;
-    if (this->y < this->targetY) this->y += timeMultiplier;
-    if (this->y > this->targetY) this->y -= timeMultiplier;
+void InGameState::renderPlayer(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* playerTexture, Player p) const {
+    drawTexture(renderer, playerTexture, p.x, p.y, 80, 96);
+
+    if (showHitboxes) {
+        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
+        SDL_Rect hitbox = {p.x, p.y, 80, 96};
+        SDL_RenderDrawRect(renderer, &hitbox);
+    }
 }
 
-void Player::moveX(int dx) {
-    if (x + dx < 0 || x + dx > WINDOW_WIDTH - 80) return;
-    if (y < 40 && this->x + dx < 30 * 3 + 15) return;
-    x += dx;
-}
-
-void Player::moveY(int dy) {
-    if (y + dy < 0 || y + dy > WINDOW_HEIGHT - 96) return;
-    if (y + dy < 40 && this->x < 30 * 3 + 15) return;
-    y += dy;
-}
-
-void Game::checkCollision() {
+void InGameState::checkCollision() {
     for (int i = 0; i < opponents.size(); i++) {
         Opponent o = opponents[i];
         if (o.x == o.targetX && o.y == o.targetY) {
@@ -73,27 +59,7 @@ void Game::checkCollision() {
     }
 }
 
-void Game::renderHUD(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* heart) const {
-    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
-    SDL_Rect bgRect = {0, 0, 30 * 3 + 15, 40};
-    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &bgRect);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < this->player.health; i++) {
-        drawTexture(renderer, heart, 10 + i * 30, 10, 24, 24);
-    }
-}
-
-void Game::renderPlayer(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* playerTexture, Player p) const {
-    drawTexture(renderer, playerTexture, p.x, p.y, 80, 96);
-
-    if (showHitboxes) {
-        SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 255, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
-        SDL_Rect hitbox = {p.x, p.y, 80, 96};
-        SDL_RenderDrawRect(renderer, &hitbox);
-    }
-}
-
-void Game::renderItem(SDL_Renderer* renderer, Item i) const {
+void InGameState::renderItem(SDL_Renderer* renderer, Item i) const {
     SDL_Texture* itemTexture = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, i.type == Type::HEALTH ? "./res/heart.png" : "./res/damage.png");
     switch (i.type) {
     case Type::HEALTH:
@@ -115,7 +81,7 @@ void Game::renderItem(SDL_Renderer* renderer, Item i) const {
     }
 }
 
-void Game::createOpponent() {
+void InGameState::createOpponent() {
     Opponent o;
 
     int edge = rand() % 4;
@@ -149,7 +115,7 @@ void Game::createOpponent() {
     opponents.push_back(o);
 }
 
-void Game::renderOpponent(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* opponentTexture, Opponent o) const {
+void InGameState::renderOpponent(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* opponentTexture, Opponent o) const {
     drawTexture(renderer, opponentTexture, o.x, o.y, 80, 96);
 
     if (showHitboxes) {
@@ -159,12 +125,83 @@ void Game::renderOpponent(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* opponentTexture,
     }
 }
 
-void Game::render(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* bg) {
+void InGameState::renderHUD(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* heart) const {
+    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
+    SDL_Rect bgRect = {0, 0, 30 * 3 + 15, 40};
+    SDL_RenderFillRect(renderer, &bgRect);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < this->player.health; i++) {
+        drawTexture(renderer, heart, 10 + i * 30, 10, 24, 24);
+    }
+}
+
+void InGameState::init() {
+    startTime = time(nullptr);
+}
+
+
+void InGameState::handleEvents(SDL_Event& event) {
+    if (event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+        switch (event.key.keysym.sym) {
+        case SDLK_ESCAPE:
+            std::cout << "Switching to main menu\n";
+            this->changeRoom("main_menu");
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN || event.type == SDL_KEYUP) {
+        bool isPressed = (event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN);
+        switch (event.key.keysym.sym) {
+        case SDLK_w:
+            keys[0] = isPressed;
+            break;
+        case SDLK_a:
+            keys[1] = isPressed;
+            break;
+        case SDLK_s:
+            keys[2] = isPressed;
+            break;
+        case SDLK_d:
+            keys[3] = isPressed;
+            break;
+        case SDLK_h:
+            if (isPressed) showHitboxes = !showHitboxes;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void InGameState::update() {
+
+    checkCollision();
+
+    if (rand() % 100 == 0) createOpponent();
+
+    if (time(nullptr) - startTime > 5) {
+    startTime = time(nullptr);
+    spawnItem(Type::HEALTH);
+    }
+
+    for (Opponent& o : opponents) {
+        o.move(10);
+    }
+
+    if (keys[0]) player.moveY(-20);
+    if (keys[1]) player.moveX(-20);
+    if (keys[2]) player.moveY(20);
+    if (keys[3]) player.moveX(20);
+}
+
+void InGameState::render(SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
     SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
 
     SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 35, 39, 42, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
 
-    drawTexture(renderer, bg, 0, 0, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
+    SDL_Texture* background = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, "./res/background.png");
+    drawTexture(renderer, background, 0, 0, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
 
     SDL_Texture* playerTexture = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, "./res/player.png");
     renderPlayer(renderer, playerTexture, this->player);
@@ -191,69 +228,3 @@ void Game::render(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* bg) {
 
     SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
 }
-
-void Game::run() {
-    SDL_Window* window = SDL_CreateWindow("Obstacle Game", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
-                                          WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);
-    SDL_Renderer* renderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(window, -1, SDL_RENDERER_SOFTWARE);
-
-    SDL_Texture* background = IMG_LoadTexture(renderer, "./res/background.png");
-
-    int startTime = time(nullptr);
-
-    TTF_Init();
-
-    bool gameOpen = true;
-    while (gameOpen) {
-        SDL_Event event;
-        while (SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
-            if (event.type == SDL_QUIT) gameOpen = false;
-
-            if (event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN || event.type == SDL_KEYUP) {
-                bool isPressed = (event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN);
-                switch (event.key.keysym.sym) {
-                case SDLK_w:
-                    keys[0] = isPressed;
-                    break;
-                case SDLK_a:
-                    keys[1] = isPressed;
-                    break;
-                case SDLK_s:
-                    keys[2] = isPressed;
-                    break;
-                case SDLK_d:
-                    keys[3] = isPressed;
-                    break;
-                case SDLK_h:
-                    if (isPressed) showHitboxes = !showHitboxes;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (keys[0]) player.moveY(-20);
-        if (keys[1]) player.moveX(-20);
-        if (keys[2]) player.moveY(20);
-        if (keys[3]) player.moveX(20);
-
-        checkCollision();
-
-        if (rand() % 100 == 0) createOpponent();
-
-        if (time(nullptr) - startTime > 5) {
-            startTime = time(nullptr);
-            spawnItem(Type::HEALTH);
-        }
-
-        for (Opponent& o : opponents) {
-            o.move(10);
-        }
-
-        render(renderer, background);
-        SDL_Delay(16);
-    }
-
-    SDL_DestroyTexture(background);
-    SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer);
-    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
-}

src/states/InGameState.h

@@ -1,22 +1,8 @@
+#include "../entities/Opponent.h"
+#include "GameState.h"
 #include <vector>
-#include <time.h>
-
-#ifndef CPP_LEARNING_GAME_H
-#define CPP_LEARNING_GAME_H
-
-#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
 
-class Player {
-public:
-    int x = 40;
-    int y = 40;
-    int unsigned health = 3;
-
-    void moveX(int dx);
-    void moveY(int dy);
-};
-
 enum class Type {
     HEALTH,
     DAMAGE
@@ -29,33 +15,27 @@ struct Item {
     Type type;
 };
 
-class Opponent : public Player {
-public:
-    int targetX = 0;
-    int targetY = 0;
-    void move(int multiplier);
-};
-
-class Game {
+class InGameState final : public GameState {
     Player player;
     std::vector<Opponent> opponents;
     std::vector<Item> items;
+    int startTime = 0;
 
     bool showHitboxes = false;
 
     void renderPlayer(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* player, Player p) const;
 
 public:
+    void init() override;
+    void handleEvents(SDL_Event& event) override;
+    void update() override;
+    void render(SDL_Renderer* renderer) override;
+
     void spawnItem(Type type);
     void createOpponent();
     void checkCollision();
     void renderHUD(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* heart) const;
     void renderItem(SDL_Renderer* renderer, Item i) const;
-    void render(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* bg);
-    void run();
-
     void renderOpponent(SDL_Renderer* renderer, SDL_Texture* opponentTexture, Opponent o) const;
-};
 
-
-#endif
+};

src/states/MainMenuState.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#include "MainMenuState.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+void MainMenuState::handleEvents(SDL_Event& event) {
+    if (event.type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+        switch (event.key.keysym.sym) {
+        case SDLK_RETURN:
+            std::cout << "Switching to game state\n";
+            this->changeRoom("game");
+            break;
+        case SDLK_ESCAPE:
+            std::cout << "Exiting game\n";
+            this->changeRoom("exit");
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void MainMenuState::render(SDL_Renderer* renderer) {
+    SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(renderer, 0, 0, 0, SDL_ALPHA_OPAQUE);
+    SDL_RenderClear(renderer);
+
+    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer);
+}

src/states/MainMenuState.h

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "GameState.h"
+#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL_ttf.h>
+
+class MainMenuState final : public GameState {
+public:
+    void init() override;
+    void handleEvents(SDL_Event& event) override;
+    void update() override;
+    void render(SDL_Renderer* renderer) override;
+};